Web Survey Bibliography
The aim of the present study was to examine the role of age (respectively cohort) in socially desirable responding (SDR) in online questionnaires. SDR is a potential source of bias in surveys, but there are only very few studies on SDR online. Our study is the first attempt to investigate the age dependency of SDR online - an influence that has been found in offline studies. Our experiment was also designed to investigate how age would interact with the factors anonymity, financial incentives and "product fairness" in its influence on SDR online. To assess SDR, an online version of the Social Desirability Scale-17 (Stöber, 1999, 2001) was employed. 1221 people participated in the survey. From February 2001 to October 2001 the study was linked in the Web Experimental Psychology Lab and on nine other Web sites. The result showed that intensity of SDR increased with age (F (6,755) = 13.042, p < 0.01). This result confirms the previously reported correlation between age and SDR (Stöber, 2001) also for online surveying. SDR-17 online showed a satisfying reliability (Cronbach-Alpha =.71). Implications from the results for online research and online surveying will be discussed. This study builds on a line of research first presented at G.O.R. 01.
Die vorgestellte Untersuchung hatte primär zum Ziel, den Einfluss der sozialen Erwünschtheit in einem Online-Experiment in Abhängigkeit vom Lebensalter beziehungsweise der Kohorte zu untersuchen. Soziale Erwünschtheitstendenzen sind eine mögliche Fehlerquelle für verzerrte Resultate in Befragungen. Es gibt bisher nur wenige Untersuchungen dazu, wie sich soziale Erwünschtheitstendenzen in Online-Untersuchungen auswirken. Die von uns durchgeführte Studie ist unseres Wissens der erste Versuch, die aus der Offline-Forschung bekannte Abhängigkeit dieses Einflusses vom Alter der Befragten online nachzuweisen. Das Untersuchungsdesign war so angelegt, dass auch der Einfluss weiterer Faktoren gemessen werden konnte, die möglicherweise eine Auswirkung auf soziale Erwünschtheitstendenzen haben: Anonymität, Incentives, Produktfairness. Die soziale Erwünschtheit wurde mittels Sozialer Erwünschtheits-Skala-17 (SES-17, Stöber, 1999) gemessen. Es nahmen 1221 Teilnehmer vollständig an der Befragung teil. Diese war vom 1.2.01 bis zum 8.10.01 im Web-Labor für Experimentelle Psychologie und auf neun weiteren Web-Sites verlinkt. Es zeigte sich, dass der Einfluss sozialer Erwünschtheit im Mittel mit dem Alter signifikant steigt (F (6,755) = 13.042, p < 0.01). Dies bestätigt auch den offline erhobenen Zusammenhang von Alter und Sozialer Erwünschtsheitswerte (Stöber, 1999) bei Online-Erhebungen. Mit dieser Untersuchung konnte zusätzlich gezeigt werden, dass der SES-17 auch online ein reliables Messinstrument ist (Cronbach-Alpha: =.71). Konsequenzen dieser Ergebnisse für die Online-Forschung und die Online-Befragungspraxis werden diskutiert. Dieser Beitrag knüpft an Ergebnisse an, die auf der G.O.R. 01 vorgestellt wurden.
Homepage - conference (abstract)
Web survey bibliography - Germany (361)
- The Video-Enhanced Web Survey Data Quality and Cognitive Processing of Questions; 2009; Fuchs, M.
- Gender-of-Interviewer Effects in a Video-Enhanced Web Survey: Results from a Randomized Field Experiment...; 2009; Fuchs, M.
- Mobility, Flexibility and Identity - How the use of mobile questionnaires improves the data quality...; 2009; Hellwig, O., Wirth, T.
- Evaluating two different mobile survey approaches: personal mobile panel research and ad-hoc mobile...; 2009; Friedrich-Freksa, M., Metzger, G.
- Coverage- und Nonresponse-Effekte bei Online-Bevölkerungsumfragen ; 2009; Bandilla, W., Kaczmirek, L., Blohm, M., Neubarth, W.
- Using the World-Wide Web to obtain large-scale word norms: 190,212 ratings on a set of 2,654 German...; 2009; Lahl, O., Goeritz, A., Pietrowsky, R., Rosenberg, J.
- TitleInternet-basierte Messung sozialer Erwünschtheit: Theoretische Grundlagen und experimentelle Untersuchung...; 2008; Kaufmann, E., Reips, U.-D.
- Sozialforschung im Internet: Methodologie und Praxis der Online-Befragung; 2008; Jackob, N., Schoen, H., Zerback, T. (eds.)
- Does speed in completing an online questionnaire have an influence on its reliability?; 2008; Montag, C., Reuter, M.
- Response Effects in Video-enhanced Web Surveys; 2008; Fuchs, M.
- Using Internet Pages of Organisations as Data Source for Social Science Research; 2008; Baumgarten, B., Grauel, J.
- Representativeness in Online-Surveys Through Stratified Sample; 2008; Blasius, J.
- Individual payments as a longer-term incentive in online panels ; 2008; Goeritz, A., Wolff, H.-G., Goldstein, D. G.
- Communicative Channels, Cognitive Processes and Question Understanding: Results from a Randomized Field...; 2008; Fuchs, M.
- The effects of incentives in internet panels: a review; 2008; Goeritz, A.
- Phone respondents reported less mental health problems whereas mail interviewee gave higher physical...; 2008; Ravens-Sieberer, U., Erhart, M., Wetzel, R., Krügel, A., Brambosch, A.
- Mobile Market Research; 2008; Maxl, E.
- Online vs. Offline in Mobile Surveys; 2008; Neubarth, W., Maier, U.
- Gender-of-Interviewer Effects in Video-Enhanced Web Surveys. Results from a Randomized Field-Experiment...; 2008; Fuchs, M.
- Nicht-reaktive datenerhebung: Teinahmeverhalten bei befragungen mit paradaten evaluieren. [Non reactive...; 2007; Kaczmirek, L., Neubarth, W.
- Using Audio and Video Clips in Web Surveys — Feasibility and Impact on Data Quality; 2007; Fuchs, M., Funke, F.
- Sampling Bias: Face to face to Web; 2007; Bandilla, W., Blohm, M., Kaczmirek, L., Neubarth, W.
- First Experiences with Internet Surveying in the German Socio-Economic Panel; 2007; Wagner, G. G., Schupp, J., Schraepler, J.-P., Siegel, N.
- The anonymous elect. Market research through online access panels; 2006; Postoaca, A.
- Blocked versus randomized format of questionnaires. A confirmatory multigroup analysis; 2006; Sparfeldt, J. R., Schilling, S. R., Rost, D. H., Rost, D. H., Thiel, A.
- Physical or Virtual Presence of the Experimenter: Psychological Online-Experiments in Different Settings...; 2006; Ollesch, H., Heineken, E., Schulte, F. P.
- Cash Lotteries as Incentives in Online Panels; 2006; Goeritz, A.
- Putting a Questionnaire on the Web is not Enough # A Comparison of Online and Offline Surveys Conducted...; 2006; Faas, T., Schoen, H.
- Beyond response rates: Effects of different (Web-) survey implementation procedures on sample composition...; 2006; Bosnjak, M., Marcus, B., Schuetz, A., Lindner, S., Pilischenko, S.
- Controlling the Baseline Speed of Respondents: An Empirical Evaluation of Data Treatment Methods of...; 2005; Mayerl, J.
- Determinanten der Rücklaufquote in Online-Panels; 2005; Batanic, B., Moser, K.
- Standards in Online Surveys. Sources for Professional Codes of Conduct, Ethical Guidelines and Quality...; 2005; Kaczmirek, L., Schulze, N.
- Sampling procedure, questionnaire design, online implementation; 2005; Jackob, N., Arens, J., Zerback, T., Jowell, R., de Rouvray, C.
- When Methodology Interferes With Substance; 2005; Schoen, H., Faas, T.
- The Quality of Ego-Centered Network Data: A comparison of online versus offline data collection; 2005; Snijders, C., Matzat, U.
- Meta-Analyses on Contingent versus Unconditional Incentives; 2005; Goeritz, A.
- Using an access panel as a sampling frame for voluntary household surveys. Experiences from a pilot...; 2004; Korner, T., Nimmergut, A.
- Examining expert reviews as a pretest method; 2004; DeMaio, T., Landreth, A.
- Cooperation and Community on the Internet: Past Issues and Present Perspectives for theoretical-empirical...; 2004; Matzat, U.
- Response and Field Period Effects: The Effect of Time in Online Market Research and Consequences for...; 2004; Basso Larsen, R., Rathod, S.
- Online or Not Online? A Comparison of Offline and Online Surveys Conducted in the Context of 2002 German...; 2004; Faas, T.
- Changing from PAPI to CAPI: A Longitudinal Study Dealing with Mode-Effects in the German Socio-Economic...; 2004; Schraepler, J.-P., Schupp, J., Wagner, G. G
- Paper and pencil or online? Methodological Experiences from an employee survey; 2004; Poetschke, M.
- Survey Administration Effects? A Comparison of Web-Based and Traditional Written Self-Administered Surveys...; 2003; Bandilla, W., Bosnjak, M., Altdorfer, P.
- Bracketing effects in categorized survey questions and the measurement of economic quantities; 2002; Winter, J.
- WeXtor 2.5: Develop, manage, and visualize experimental designs and procedures; 2002; Reips, U.-D., Blumer, T., Neuhaus, C.
- Cognitive processes when answering online questionnaires; 2002; Fuchs, M.
- Online surveys with simple random samples for large populations; 2002; Kreuels, B.
- Sampling problems in research on personal Homepages; 2002; Marcus, B., Machilek, F., Schuetz, A., Kilian, C.
- Social desirable responding and age on the Internet: older participants in online studies show a higher...; 2002; Reips, U.-D., Stoeber, J., Hahn, A.